Within minutes of Donald Trump's announcement that he had tapped Ohio senator JD Vance as his running mate in the 2024 elections, abortion rights groups vociferously condemned the pick.
"A Trump-Vance administration will be the most dangerous administration for abortion and reproductive freedom in this country's history," Mini Timmaraju, president and CEO of Reproductive Freedom for All, said in a statement.
"By naming Vance to his ticket, Trump made clear that his administration will sign a national abortion ban and put birth control and IVF at risk," said Jessica Mackler, president of Emily's List, an organization that supports Democratic women who support abortion rights running for office.
Vance, the venture capitalist turned Hillbilly Elegy author turned GOP standard-bearer, has long opposed abortion.
In 2021, while running for Ohio senate, Vance told an Ohio news outlet that he did not support rape and incest exceptions in abortion bans. "It's not whether a woman should be forced to bring a child to term," he said. "It's whether a child should be allowed to live, even though the circumstances of that child's birth are somehow inconvenient or a problem to the society."
But voters' outrage over the overturning of Roe v Wade has grown, leading abortion rights supporters to a string of victories at the ballot box, and harnessing that outrage is widely considered Democrats' best hope for winning the November elections. As Trump and other Republicans have tried to project a moderated stance on the issue - despite the fact that Trump handpicked three of the supreme court justices who overturned Roe - Vance has also tempered his public position.
"We have to accept that people do not want blanket abortion bans. They just don't," Vance told CNN's Jake Tapper last year. "I say this as a person who wants to protect as many unborn babies as possible. We have to provide exceptions for the life of the mother and rape and so forth."
In 2022, Vance said he would support a national 15-week abortion ban with exceptions. He also told NBC News that he wants mifepristone, a common abortion pill that was at the heart of a major supreme court case this year, to remain accessible.
Even while supporting a national ban, Vance has said he would like abortion to be "primarily a state issue".
"Ohio is going to want to have a different abortion policy from California, from New York, and I think that's reasonable," he said. "I want Ohio to be able to make its own decisions, and I want Ohio's elected legislators to make those decisions."
But, he added: "I think it's fine to sort of set some minimum national standard."
Much of Vance's public persona, however, remains defined by his support of what he sees as the traditional nuclear family. He has backed policies that he says will increase birth rates, such as making childbirth free, and said that people who are childfree by choice "do not have any physical commitment to the future of this country".
"I think the rejection of the American family is perhaps the most pernicious and the most evil thing that the left has done in this country," said Vance, a father of three. He then went on to suggest that several Democratic politicians, like Kamala Harris and New Jersey senator Cory Booker, should not have political power because they do not have children.
"Why have we let the Democrat party become controlled by people who don't have any children? And why is this just a normal fact of American life?" Vance asked. "That the leaders of our country should be people who don't have a personal and direct stake in it via their own offspring, via their own children?" (The vice-president has two stepchildren.)
"Many of the most unhappy and most miserable and most angry people in our media are childless adults," he continued.
Vance has also called people who fear having kids "cat ladies" who "must be stopped" and said that universal daycare is "class war against normal people".
Two days after the US supreme court overturned Roe, Vance tweeted: "If your worldview tells you that it's bad for women to become mothers but liberating for them to work 90 hours a week in a cubicle at the New York Times or Goldman Sachs, you've been had."
Shortly after Trump announced he had chosen Vance as his running mate, Joe Biden's campaign started to circulate a clip of comments Vance made in 2021 about violence in marriages.
"This is one of the great tricks that I think the sexual revolution pulled on the American populace, which is the idea that, like: 'Well, OK, these marriages were fundamentally, you know, they were maybe even violent, but certainly they were unhappy. And so getting rid of them and making it easier for people to shift spouses like they change their underwear, that's going to make people happier in the long term,'" Vance said in response to a question on fatherlessness.
Vance has said that he was not defending men who commit domestic abuse and that he himself is a victim of domestic abuse.
Marjorie Dannenfelser, president of the powerful anti-abortion group SBA Pro-Life America, praised Vance on Monday.
"His ability to compellingly share these stories on a national stage will surely be an asset," Dannenfelser said in a statement. "With approximately 750,000 babies in states like California and New York still lacking basic protections, we need champions whose boldness will not waver."
